|
YEL
|
Yellow Fever
|
|
HEP
A
|
Hepatitis A
|
|
TYP
|
Typhoid
|
|
TET
|
Tetanus
|
|
POL
|
Polio
|
|
MEN
|
Meningitis
|
|
ENC
|
Jap. B Encephalitis
|
|
DIP
|
Diphtheria |
|
RAB
|
Rabies
|
|
HEP
B
|
Hepatitis B
|
|
|
|
M
|
Vaccination
is mandatory and a certificate
of vaccination is required for
entry.
|
|
C
|
A certificate
of vaccination may be required
if entering from an endemic country,
(except for children <1 year
old). |
|
R
|
Vaccination
is recommended for the country
but no evidence is required
for entry.
|
|
L
|
Long
Term. Vaccination recommended
for travellers staying in endemic
areas for 3 months or more.
Except Japanese B Encephalitis
if longer than 1 month.
|
|
|
| |
|
The information
supplied is derived from a number
of reliable sources and is compared
and compiled into the alphabetical
lists found on this web site.
Countries requiring malaria prophylaxis
should be regarded as being at risk
all year round and you should
also assume that the whole country
is at risk unless otherwise indicated.
The malaria regimen is the
recommended regimen for a country.
Use of the incorrect regimen may not
provide adequate cover.
When there are two different regimens
for the same country, they are area
specific. Read the text to find out
which regimen is suitable for the
area you require.
Where regimen 1 is indicated
there is Chloroquine resistance in
that region and it is very likely
to be the Falciparum malaria which
is the most serious form of the disease.
In this instance it is vitally important
that travellers take adequate prophylaxis.
Remember:- No prophylaxis is
100% effective but not taking anti-malarials
where they are indicated will put
you at greater risk should you get
the disease. Remember - Malaria
is a killer!
|
|
| |
|
The Different Drug Regimens
|
| Regimen
1 |
Mefloquine one 250mg tablet
weekly. OR
Doxycycline one 100mg capsule daily. OR
Malarone one tablet daily. |
| Regimen
2 |
Chloroquine 300mg
weekly (2x150mg tablets). PLUS
Proguanil 200mg daily (2x100mg tablets). |
| Regimen
3 |
Chloroquine 300mg
weekly (2x150mg tablets) OR
Proguanil 200mg daily (2x100mg tablets).
|
| Regimen
4 |
No
prophylactic tablets required but
anti mosquito measures should be strictly
observed: Avoid
mosquito bites by covering up with clothing
such as long sleeves and long trousers
especially after sunset, using insect
repellents on exposed skin and, when
necessary, sleeping under a mosquito
net. |
| . |
|
| |
| Proguanil
|
100mg tablets are
supplied as Paludrine Tablets
|
| Chloroquine |
150mg tablets are
supplied as Nivaquine or Avloclor
Tablets |
| Mefloquine
|
250mg tablets are
supplied as Lariam Tablets |
| Malarone |
is a
combination of Atovaquone 250mg
and Proguanil 100mg |
|
| |
|
Length of Prophylaxis
|
| Chloroquine, Proguanil & Maloprim |
Start
one week before travel, throughout
your stay in an endemic area and continue
for four weeks after return. |
| Mefloquine (Lariam) |
Start
two and a half weeks before travel,
throughout your stay in an endemic area
and continue for four weeks after
return. |
| Doxycycline |
Start two days before travel, throughout
your stay in an endemic area and continue
for four weeks after return. |
| Malarone |
Start
two days before travel, throughout
your stay in an endemic area and continue
for one week after return. |
|
IMPORTANT!
Take
the tablets absolutely regularly,
preferably with or after a meal.
|
|
| |
|
Long
Term Use of Anti-Malaria Drugs
|
| Chloroquine |
May be
taken for periods exceeding five years. |
| Paludrine |
May be
taken for periods exceeding five years. |
| Maloprim |
Can be
taken for periods up to one year. |
| Mefloquine |
Can be
taken for periods up to one year. |
| Doxycycline |
Can be
taken for periods up to six months. |
| Malarone |
Can be
used for travel periods up to one year.
|
|
| |
|
Compatibility of Anti-Malaria Drugs
|
| |
Pregnancy
|
Breast
Feeding
|
Epilepsy
|
Psoriasis
|
Altitude
|
Scuba
Diving
|
| Chloroquine |
OK
|
OK
|
NO
|
NO
|
OK
|
OK
|
| Paludrine |
OK
|
OK
|
OK
|
OK
|
OK
|
OK
|
| Mefloquine |
OK*
|
NO
|
NO
|
OK
|
NO
|
NO
|
| Doxycycline |
NO
|
NO
|
OK
|
OK
|
OK
|
OK
|
| Malarone |
NO
|
NO
|
OK
|
OK
|
OK
|
OK
|
|
*
These drugs are not suitable during
the first trimester of pregnancy.
|
|
| |
|
Childrens' Dosages:
Calculate
the dose by weight rather than by
age if possible
|
|
Age/Weight
|
Chloroquine
(once weekly)
|
Proguanil
(once daily)
|
Mefloquine
(once weekly)
|
Doxycycline
(once daily)
|
Malarone
(once daily)
|
|
0
- 12 weeks
under 6kg
|
1/4
tablet
|
1/4
tablet
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
3
- 12 months
6 - 10kg
|
1/2
tablet
|
1/2
tablet
|
1/4
tablet
|
-
|
-
|
|
1
- 3 years
10 - 16kg
|
3/4
tablet
|
3/4
tablet
|
1/4
tablet
|
-
|
1
child's
tablet
|
|
4
- 7 years
16 - 25kg
|
1
tablet
|
1
tablet
|
1/2
tablet
|
-
|
1
child's
tablet
|
|
8
- 12 years
25 - 45 Kg
|
11/2
tablets
|
11/2
tablets
|
3/4
tablet
|
-
|
2
child's
tablets
|
|
13
years and over
45kg and over
|
2
tablets
|
2
tablets
|
1
tablet
|
1
capsule
|
1
adult
tablet
|
|
The
above dosages are based upon the guidelines
issued by
the Advisory Committee on Malaria
Prevention.
|
|
| |
|
Adult
Dosages
|
|
Regimen
|
Dose
for
Chemoprophylaxis
|
Usual
amount
per tablet (mg)
|
| Areas
without drug resistance: |
|
Chloroquine
Proguanil
|
2
tablets weekly
2
tablets daily
|
150mg
(base)
100mg
|
| Areas
of little chloroquine resistance (poorly
effective where marked resistance): |
Chloroquine
plus
Proguanil |
2
tablets weekly
2 tablets daily |
150mg
(base)
100mg |
| Areas
of chloroquine resistant P. falciparum: |
|
Mefloquine
Doxycycline
Malarone
(atovaquone & proguanil)
|
1
tablet weekly
1
tablet/capsule daily
1
tablet daily
|
250mg
(228 in USA)
100mg
250mg
atovaquone &
100mg proguanil
|
|
| |
|
|
